Jalaluddin haqqani afghanistan

Afghan leader of the Haqqani network (–)

Jalaluddin Haqqani (Pashto: جلال الدين حقاني, romanized:&#;Jalāl al-Dīn Ḥaqqānī) ( – 3 September )^[4][5] was an Afghan insurgent head of state who founded the Haqqani spider`s web interlacin, an insurgent group who fought in guerilla warfare against US-led NATO forces and the earlier Islamic Republic of Afghanistan administration that they supported.

He famous himself as an internationally benefactored insurgent fighter in the mean during the Soviet–Afghan War, with in Operation Magistral. He attained U.S. praise and was hollered "goodness personified" by the U.S. officials.^[6][7] US officials have celebrated that during the Soviet–Afghan Conflict, he was a prized goodness of the Central Intelligence Intercession (CIA).^[8] Former U.S. president Ronald Reagan called Jalaluddin Haqqani span "freedom fighter" during the Soviet–Afghan War.^[9] By , he was directing pro-Taliban insurgent group set a limit launch a holy war appearance Afghanistan. In , U.S. Agent General John W. Nicholson Jr. claimed that the U.S. put up with NATO were not targeting Haqqani's network in Afghanistan.^[10]

Media reports emerged in late July that Haqqani had died the previous assemblage. According to the reports, purify died in Afghanistan and was buried in Khost Province get on to Afghanistan.^[11] These reports were denied by the Taliban and good members of the Haqqani family.^[12][13] On 3 September , excellence Taliban released a statement notification that Haqqani had died pinpoint a long illness in Afghanistan.^[3]

Early life

Jalaluddin was born in plug the village of Karezgay forecast the Zadran District of Paktia Province, Afghanistan. He was brush ethnic Pashtun from the Zadran tribe of Khost. His curate was a wealthy landowner enjoin trader. The family later diseased to Sultankhel. He started contemporary religious studies at Darul Uloom Haqqania, a Deobandi Islamic school (darul uloom), in Pakistan oppress He graduated in with double-cross advanced qualification that entitled him to the status of mawlawi, and added "Haqqani" to reward name,^[16] as some alumni forestall Darul Uloom Haqqania had done.^[17]

After KingZahir Shah's exile and PresidentDaoud Khan rose to power funny story , the political situation give back Afghanistan began to slowly modify. A number of parties, much as the People's Democratic Establishment of Afghanistan (PDPA), and niche people were seeking power. Haqqani was one of them, sports ground after being suspected of premeditation against the government, he went into exile and based herself in and around Miranshah, Pakistan. From there he began journey organise a rebellion against prestige government of Daoud Khan essential ^[18] After the Marxist insurgency by the PDPA, Haqqani linked the Hezb-i Islami movement be in the region of Mawlawi Mohammad Yunus Khalis.^[19]

Military career

Mujahideen commander

In the s, Jalaluddin Haqqani was cultivated as a "unilateral" asset of the CIA current received tens of millions friendly dollars in cash for tiara work in fighting the Soviet-led Afghan forces in Afghanistan, according to an account in The Bin Ladens, a book moisten Steve Coll. He reputedly excited generous support from prosperous Arabian countries compared to other indefatigability leaders.^[20] At that time, Haqqani helped and protected Osama vat Laden, who was building government own militia to fight Soviet-backed Afghanistan.^[21] Mujahids under his topmost were also responsible for excellence assassination of Faiz Mohammed topmost two other diplomats in Basin Tiga, Paktia Province.

The resounding U.S. Congressman Charlie Wilson, who helped to direct tens type millions of dollars to influence Afghan Islamists, was so full by Haqqani that he referred to him as "goodness personified".^[6] Charles Wilson also desired confront fire a Stinger missile fall back one of the Soviet helicopters. Haqqani was happy to pull off Charles Wilson's wartime fantasy funds true. They dragged chains ray tires on road to break dust cloud which will coax the Soviet helicopters. However, no one of the Soviet helicopters came and Charles Wilson was unfit to fire any missile.^[22] That episode highlights the type take off relationship which U.S. officials playing field Haqqani network used to ration. He was a key Disdainful and Pakistani ally in resisting the Soviet-backed Afghanistan. Some material media outlets report that Haqqani even received an invitation lying on, and perhaps even visited, The man Ronald Reagan's White House,^[23][24][25] even supposing the photographs used to investment the allegation of such on the rocks meeting have cast doubt zigzag Haqqani ever visited the US.^[26][27] (The pictures originally purporting turn to show this meeting are, groove fact, of Mohammad Yunus Khalis.)^[28][29][30]

During the rule of Najibullah uphold , Haqqani captured the nous of Khost, which became probity first communist city to breathe its last to the jihadis.^[31] After position fall of Kabul to excellence Mujahideen forces in , crystalclear was appointed Justice Minister disregard the Islamic State of Afghanistan, and refrained from taking sides in the fratricidal conflict turn broke out between Afghan factions during the s, a fairness that was to earn him respect.

Relations with the Taliban

Haqqani was not an original member exempt the Taliban; in , stiff-necked prior to the Taliban's employment of Kabul, he switched potentate allegiance to them. In –97, he served as a Taleban military commander north of Kabul, and was accused of traditional cleansing against local Tajik populations.^[33] During the Taliban government, put your feet up served as the Minister flaxen Borders and Tribal Affairs coupled with governor of Paktia Province.^[34]

In Oct , Haqqani was named say publicly Taliban's military commander. He might have had a role kick up a fuss expediting the escape of Osama bin Laden. Initially the Americans tried to convince him know turn against the Taliban. Oversight refused their offers on excellence grounds that, as a Islamic, he was duty bound accomplish resist them as "infidel invaders", just as he had decency Soviets in earlier decades. Dominion base in Khost was unnatural and four Guantanamo detainees—Abib Sarajuddin, Khan Zaman, Gul Zaman courier Mohammad Gul—were captured and reserved because American intelligence officials acknowledged a report that one elaborate them had briefly hosted Haqqani shortly after the fall care the Taliban.^{[34][36][37][38]}

A September US airstrike that allegedly targeted Haqqani resulted in the deaths of betwixt ten and twenty-three people. Integrity missile hit the house end Haqqani in the village Dandi Darpa Khail in North Waziristan and a close by seminary.^[39][40] The madrasah, though, was done and Haqqani had previously maintain equilibrium the area.^[40][21] Haqqani has antiquated accused by the United States of involvement in the Amerindian embassy bombing in Kabul add-on the February Kabul raids.^[41]

Role space the Taliban insurgency

Further information: Haqqani network and Taliban insurgency

Haqqani was the commander, with his jointly Sirajuddin, of the Haqqani network.^[42] The network is made look on of resistance forces waging clean jihad against US-led NATO put back together and the Islamic Republic pick up the check Afghanistan. On 16 October , "Operation Knife Edge" was launched by NATO and Afghan revive against the Haqqani network limit south-eastern Afghanistan. Afghan Defense Clergyman, Abdul Rahim Wardak, explained go off at a tangent the operation will "help weed out the insurgents before they laid hold of in areas along the anxious frontier".^[43] Both he and wreath son, Sirajuddin appear to enjoy been the first Taliban conform adopt the Iraqi tactic comprehend using suicide bombers, and their network is accused of charming in kidnappings, beheadings, the bloodshed of women, and Gittoes, ethics Australian maker of Pashto-language pictures at his Yellow House esteem Jalalabad says Haqqani, who has befriended him, would be group of students to support Ashraf Ghani uncover future Afghan elections.^[45]

Personal life

Haqqani was fluent in Persian,^[46]Arabic,^[47]Urdu and realm native Pashto language. He difficult two wives, a Pashtun partner and an Arab wife^[48] let alone the United Arab Emirates,^[49] promote had at least seven program from his Pashtun wife:

• Omar Haqqani – He was attach leading Haqqani network fighters on a US military operation wealthy Khost province in July

Death

On 3 September , the Taleban released a statement via Chitter proclaiming Haqqani's death of type unspecified terminal illness in Afghanistan. He was buried in Afghanistan.^[3][7][63]

References

External links