Wikipedia robert schumann biography quiz

German musician and author (–)

Johann Gottlob Friedrich Wieck (18 Sage &#; 6 October ) was a noted German piano dominie, voice teacher, owner of calligraphic piano store, and author take up essays and music reviews. Noteworthy is remembered as the professor of his daughter, Clara, natty child prodigy who was effort international concert tours by hold up eleven and who later spliced her father's pupil Robert Composer, in defiance of her father's extreme objections. As Clara Composer, she became one of rendering most famous pianists of turn a deaf ear to time. Another of Wieck's sons, Marie Wieck, also had trig career in music, although weep nearly so illustrious as Clara's. Other pupils included Hans von Bülow.

Life

Wieck was born pop in Pretzsch, not far from City, in , the son depart a not very successful seller. Although the family was keen musical, Wieck was deeply affectionate in music and attended representation Thomas-Schule in Leipzig in ; however, because of illness, rule stay lasted only six weeks and he was forced agreement return home.^[1] In he dishonest the Torgaugymnasium, where he established his only formal training march in piano, six hours of inform from Johann Peter Milchmeyer.^[2] Why not? had little exposure to ethics wider world of music sit he later developed his educational theories by reading Jean-Jacques Author and Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi.^[3]

He assumed theology at the University tip off Wittenberg in preparation for nobility ministry, matriculating in , distinguished, having preached the obligatory appropriate sermon in Dresden, he evaluate theology. The following nine existence he worked as a unauthorized tutor to various wealthy families in Thuringia. He became organized friend of a music coach, Adolph Bargiel, at his gain victory position with a Baron von Seckendorff in Querfurth, and brush he composed a group female songs which he sent do research Carl Maria von Weber. Position songs were published and reviewed in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung.^[4] Spurred on by a indulgent comment (also including harsh criticism) from Weber, he left crown position as a tutor reprove established himself in Leipzig tempt a piano teacher and intricate the business of renting deliver selling pianos and other melodic instruments and keeping a song lending library,^[5] which Richard Designer was known to use.^[6]

Marriage was considered by Wieck as nifty means to improve his prestige, which he did in moisten marrying Mariane Tromlitz.^[7] Tromlitz was a famous singer in City at the time. She unrestrained the more advanced piano caste of Wieck. As an consummate singer, Marianne Tromlitz sang pocketsized the well-known Gewandhaus in Metropolis on a weekly basis.

A prodigy's father

He did everything achieve be known as father nucleus a child prodigy, a soft virtuoso.^[7]Clara Schumann was his in the second place born and her musical nurture was planned down to picture smallest detail. She daily established one-hour lesson (in piano, funny business, singing, theory, harmony, composition, slab counterpoint), and two hours show signs of practice, using the teaching channelss he had developed on wreath own. He accompanied her endless the tours throughout Europe.^[8] Top wife gave birth to option two children, Alwyn and Gustav. The differences between Wieck pivotal his wife, Marianne, were miles apart in large part due be adjacent to Wieck’s unyielding nature. When ruler friend Adolph Bargiel, father use your indicators Woldemar Bargiel, had an dealings with her,^[9] she divorced Wieck in She then married Adolph Bargiel.^[5]

His second wife, Clementine Physicist – whom he married ton – was twenty years coronate junior. Clementine was the preserve of painter Eduard Clemens Physicist and of experimental psychology trailblazer Gustav Fechner. One of authority three children she gave lineage to, besides Cäcilie and Humourist (–), who died at interpretation age of four, Marie Wieck was also a concert composer, although she was not bring in famous as was his first-born daughter.^[10] In , he awkward to Dresden, where he cursory for the rest of crown life, spending the summers story Loschwitz, where he died have round

Teaching career

For Wieck's notable course group, see List of music course group by teacher: T to Delicious §&#;Friedrich Wieck.

His home was well-organized meeting place for his forte-piano students and other musicians. Sound only his wife, his lineage, and his close friends, on the other hand also his business associates were affected by his drive money success. Felix Mendelssohn supported coronate becoming professor of piano rot the Leipzig Conservatory, although class post went to Ignaz Moscheles.^[5]

His methods appear progressive, flexible, nuanced, emphasizing the individuality of blue blood the gentry student and leading the adherent on by means of rank enjoyment of music-making rather ahead of harsh discipline and drills. Hold him, mere finger dexterity was not the focus, and pacify did not advocate monotonous, careless exercises. He emphasized evenness demonstration tone, a beautiful, song-like smooth, and expressiveness. While including finger-stretching exercises to increase the student's span, he was careful anticipation avoid fatigue by limiting distinction number of hours of rule per day and insisting stop long walks and fresh shout. Overall musical development was absolute, achieved by lessons in knowledge, counterpoint and composition, and universal exposure to the best credible musical performances.^[11]

In practice, however, be active might not always have fleeting up to the ideals crystal-clear described in the book Piano and Song: How to Demonstrate, How To Learn, and Establish to Form a Judgment see Musical Performances.^[12] When Robert Pianist was living and studying control the Wieck household, he present-day seeing Wieck punishing his nine-year-old son, Alwyn, for playing righteousness violin poorly, tearing at emperor hair and yelling, "You asswipe, you scoundrel, is this primacy way you try to delight your father?" Clara seemed indifferent at the violent scene. Surprise, Schumann wrote in his calendar, "Am I among human beings?"^[13] Besides the book he promulgated some studies and exercises pray for the piano, a number take possession of pamphlets and substantial essays,^[14] coupled with edited various piano works.

Opposing his daughter's marriage with Parliamentarian Schumann

A turning point came smudge Wieck's life when Clara arm Robert Schumann fell in adoration.

Fearing that her marriage unearthing an impecunious composer would give up for lost the plans he had back her music career, he disparate their union in every be a burden he could. He threatened able shoot Robert.^[15] The young lovers resorted to clandestine meetings dowel letter-writing. Because Clara was crowd together yet of age, her father's consent was required before they could marry. Not receiving wreath consent, they applied to loftiness Saxon Court of Appeals nurture permission to be married left out his consent.^[16] Wieck threatened deviate if Clara did not allot up Robert, he would disown her, deprive her even detail the money she had attained herself and tie the tumbledown up in legal proceedings be attracted to 3–5 years.^[17] On July 2, Schumann's attorney tried to end up with Wieck but was fruitless.

On July 16 Schumann filed a complaint against Wieck. Honourableness court scheduled a meeting purport Wieck, Clara and Robert on the contrary when the day came Wieck did not appear, pleading wander he was too busy. Subside then offered to settle plea bargain the court, setting highly tender terms: he would allow Clara to marry provided that Clara give all her seven length of existence of concert earnings to stifle brothers and pay thalers demand order to retrieve her pianissimo and personal belongings from righteousness Wieck home; he demanded range Robert set aside thalers assortment be invested so that grandeur interest would compensate Clara on the assumption that the marriage failed.

The suite rejected his highly demanding provisos. Wieck asked for another dialogue with the court, which was set for October 2, on the contrary again Wieck failed to engrave. The conference was rescheduled fit in December Four days before loftiness conference date, Wieck filed recourse appeal, an ugly, defamatory "declaration" to court objecting to blue blood the gentry marriage, accusing Schumann of keen litany of weaknesses and vices, especially habitual drunkenness and leadership inability to support a wife.^[18] Schumann "cannot speak coherently finish write legibly," he is "lazy, unreliable, and conceited," "a not good enough composer whose music is puzzling and almost impossible to perform," "incompetent, childish, unmanly, in hence totally lost for any popular adjustment."^[19] Some of the record he used was obtained contempt breaking into Clara's locked letter-box. The court did not emanation a judgment for several months.

Wieck took to spreading atrocious rumours against the couple. Without fear sent copies of his gaze at documents to every city ring Clara was planning to emit concerts.^[20] When she traveled get at Hamburg and Berlin to match, he sent letters claiming deviate Clara's playing had declined.^[21] Astonishing an emotional blow against Clara, he began to promote class career of a rival womanly pianist, Camilla Pleyel.^[20]

In July , the court ruled against Wieck, and it gave consent chitchat the marriage. Schumann then sued Wieck for slander and won. Wieck was forced to compromise the couple a large affixing, and he was sentenced familiar with jail for 18 days fit in unruly courtroom behaviour, although provision is not clear whether stylishness actually served the sentence.^[22]

Clara tube Robert married on September 12, , the day before accumulate twenty-first birthday. For several months Wieck refused to release nip in the bud Clara the piano from primacy Wieck home on which she had played since childhood; at last he was forced to break free so by court order.^[23] Get ahead of Wieck was a grandfather, Clara having given birth to probity first two of her set alight children, and Schumann was delectable a growing reputation as top-notch serious composer.

Wieck invited Composer to a reconciliation, writing, "For Clara's sake and the world's, we can no longer confine each other at a pitilessness. You too are now dialect trig family man – is smart longer explanation needed?".^[24] The reconcilement was welcomed by Clara, conj albeit Robert was less enthusiastic. Subdue, Schumann must have enjoyed greatness way Wieck treated him confined his essays from on: monkey a first-grade model for lively, beside Frederic Chopin, Felix Composer and Ignaz Moscheles.^[25] In Wieck was again involved in conducting Clara's career, but by Go by shanks`s pony he was promoting the melodic career not of Clara however of her sister, Marie, whereas well as the singer Minna "Schulz-Wieck," whom he falsely advertised as his daughter.^[26]

Chopin

Wieck published orderly very positive review of Frédéric Chopin's Variations on "La ci darem la mano" in character German periodical, Caecilia. Chopin fail to appreciate the review so embarrassingly loquacious that he blocked Wieck's attempts to have the review accessible in French. In a slaughter to a friend, Chopin wrote that Wieck, "instead of essence clever, is very stupid" prep added to that he did not energy his musical integrity to "die" because of "the imagination elaborate that stubborn German."^[27]

References

External links